The transcription factor TaLAX1 interacts with Q to antagonistically regulate grain threshability and spike morphogenesis in bread wheat

The domestication gene Q is largely responsible for the widespread cultivation of wheat because it confers multiple traits. However, underlying molecular mechanisms how regulates these traits remain unclear. In this study, we identify a Q-interacting protein TaLAX1, basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor, through yeast two-hybrid assays. Using biochemical and genetic approaches, explore roles TaLAX1 in regulating Overexpression produces phenotypes, reminiscent q allele; loss-of-function Talax1 mutations confer compact spikes, similar to Q-overexpression lines. two factors disturb each other’s activity antagonistically regulate expression lignin biosynthesis-related TaKNAT7-4D. More interestingly, natural variation (InDel, +/? TATA), which occurs promoter associated with difference between D subgenome bread its ancestor Aegilops tauschii accession T093. This study reveals that factor physically interacts TATA) diversification activity.